Nucleotides and Bases

Nucleotide Structure
Courtesy of the National Human Genome Research Establish

Nucleotides

A nucleotide is the basic structural unit and building block for DNA. These building blocks are hooked together to form a chain of DNA. A nucleotide is composed of iii parts:

* five-sided carbohydrate
* phosphate group
* nitrogenous base of operations (nitrogen containing)

Image courtesy of the National Human Genome Inquiry Institution

The sugar and phosphate group make up the courage of the Deoxyribonucleic acid double helix, while the bases are located in the middle. A chemical bond between the phosphate grouping of one nucleotide and the sugar of a neighboring nucleotide holds the courage together. Chemic bonds (hydrogen bonds) between the bases that are beyond from one another hold the two strands of the double helix together.

Bases

At that place are four types of bases in DNA. They are chosen:

* Adenine (A)
* Cytosine (C)
* Guanine (One thousand)
* Thymine (T)

Courtesy of the National Man Genome Research Institution

Bases are the part of Dna that stores information and gives Deoxyribonucleic acid the ability to encode phenotype, a person'due south visible traits. Adenine and guanine are purine bases. These are structures composed of a 5-sided and vi-sided ring. Cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines which are structures equanimous of a unmarried half dozen-sided ring. Adenine e'er binds to thymine, while cytosine and guanine always bind to one some other. This human relationship is called complementary base paring. These complementary bases are bonded together via hydrogen bonds, which can exist hands broken autonomously when the Dna needs to unzip and duplicate itself.

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